There is no past form (-ed), no present participle (-ing) and no 3rd persons singular (-s).
Thought….they can all be used in the present…sometimes we use some in the past only……look at the table….
بالرغم من استخدام جميع هذه الأفعال في المضارع إلا أن البعض يستخدم في الماضي....
Can is an auxiliary verb, a modal auxiliary verb. We use can to:
talk about possibilityتستخدم للتحدث عن احتمالية أمر ما.....……it can be true….((80%))
and ability….تستخدم للتحدث عن القدرة على القيام بأمر ما……….. I can do that….
make requests….تستخدم لطلب شيء ما………..Can you close the door??
ask for or give permission……تستخدم لإعطاء أو لطلب الاستئذان……. You can go…
Structure of Can
subject + can/ can not + main verb
They + can + eat all of that in seconds.
The main verb is always the bare infinitive (infinitive without "to").
More examples:
Use of Can
can: Possibility….احتمالية and Ability….للقدرة
We use can to talk about what is possible, what we are able or free to do:
She can drive a car.
John can speak Spanish.
I cannot hear you. (I can't hear you.)
Can you hear me?
Normally, we use can for the present. But it is possible to use can when we make present decisions about future ability.
Can you help me with my homework? (present)
Sorry. I'm busy today. But I can help you tomorrow. (future)
can: Requests and Orders….للطلب و إعطاء أمر
We often use can in a question to ask somebody to do something. This is not a real question - we do not really want to know if the person is able to do something, we want them to do it! The use of can in this way is informal (mainly between friends and family):
Can you make a cup of coffee, please.
Can you put the TV on.
Can you come here a minute.
Can you be quiet!
can: Permission……للاستئذان
We sometimes use can to ask or give permission for something:
Can I smoke in this room?
You can't smoke here, but you can smoke in the garden.
Could is an auxiliary verb, a modal auxiliary verb. We use could to:
talk about past possibility or ability…تستخدم للتحدث عن إحتمالية حدوث أمر ما أو القدرة على القيام بشيء ما....
make requests….تستخدم للطلب..
Structure of Could….الصيغة
subject + could/ could not + main verb
My grandmother
could
swim
She
could not
walk.
The main verb is always the bare infinitive (infinitive without "to").
Use of could/ استخداماتها مع الأمثلة...
Could: Past Possibility or Ability
We use could to talk about what was possible
in the past, what we were able or free to do:
I could swim when I was 5 years old.
My grandmother could speak seven languages.
When we arrived home, we could not open the door. (...couldn't open the door.)
Could you understand what he was saying?
We use could (positive) and couldn't (negative)
for general ability in the past. ….إذن تستخدم للتحدث عن قدرات و احتمالات في الماضي عامة
Could: Requests
We often use could in a question to ask somebody
to do something.
The use of could in this way is fairly polite (formal):
Could you tell me where the bank is, please?
Could you send me a catalogue, please?
تستخدم لطلب القيام بأمر ما أو السؤال عن شيء ما للأشخاص عامة...و طبعا في الحاضر.....
People may sometimes tell you that there is no difference between shall and will, or even that today nobody uses shall (except in offers such as "Shall I call a taxi?"). This is not really true. The difference between shall and will is often hidden by the fact that we usually contract them in speaking with 'll. But the difference does exist.
Shall and will تستخدمان لنفس المعنى إلا أن هناك اختلاف بسيط جدا يعتمد على صياغة النص أو حال المتكلم....
و لكن الغالب الآن تستخدم Shall في حال تقديم خدمة ما فقط.....
examples,,,
I shall be in London tomorrow.
You will see a large building on the left.
He will be wearing blue.
We will not interfere.
You shall do as you're told.
They shall give one month's notice.
Note that exactly the same rule applies in the case of should and would. It is perfectly normal and somewhat more elegant, to write, :
أحيانا يمكن استبدال will ب should , and would…فاستخدامهما يعطي نصك أكثر روعة
I should be grateful if you would kindly send me your latest catalogue.
Thank you alot dear, but i have asmall note for you it about the past and present form
This is a common mistake that every Arab learners have but the real thing from my study that i get it from my professors that we can not divide the modal form in to past or present form but we can use it in each cases
... and thanks again
التعديل الأخير تم بواسطة Vague ; 23-06-2008 الساعة 07:01 PM.
Thank you alot dear, but i have asmall note for you it about the past and present form
This is a common mistake that every Arab learners have but the real thing from my study that i get it from my professors that we can not divide the modal form in to past or present form but we can use it in each cases
... and thanks again
welcom sister but this subjet is from book mybe there is mistak in that book or u professors was learned from other books which say that can not divide the modal form in to past or present form
ModalVerbs
thanks alot for you my brother
and thanks again 
العرض العادي
